Tensions between India and Pakistan have intensified amid accusations regarding influence in Afghanistan. Pakistan claims that Afghanistan under the Taliban is acting as an extension of Indian interests, though India maintains that its engagement with Kabul predates the current political order.

The dispute follows military exchanges and allegations of cross-border tensions. Pakistan’s defence leadership recently suggested that the Taliban administration has leaned toward India’s strategic position. However, no evidence has been provided to support claims that Afghanistan functions as a proxy for New Delhi.

Pakistan’s Allegations and India’s Response

Pakistan’s defence minister stated on social media that after the withdrawal of international forces from Afghanistan in 2021, expectations of regional stability were not fully realised. He alleged that the Taliban leadership prioritised ties with India and allowed external influence. The Taliban government rejected these accusations.

India’s foreign affairs authorities responded by condemning Pakistani military operations inside Afghan territory that reportedly caused civilian casualties. The Ministry of External Affairs emphasised that such actions undermine regional peace and stability.

Analysts note that relations between Afghanistan and India have evolved over decades and are not solely tied to the Taliban era. Engagement continued through humanitarian and development initiatives long before the political changes of recent years.

Historical Context of India-Afghanistan Relations

India historically maintained strong diplomatic and development partnerships with Afghanistan, especially between 2001 and 2021. During that period, New Delhi supported infrastructure and humanitarian projects, including schools, hospitals, and public facilities.

India also contributed to major reconstruction initiatives such as highways and energy infrastructure through agencies like the Border Road Organisation. These projects aimed to strengthen Afghanistan’s economic and social development.

After the Taliban returned to power in 2021, India initially closed its embassy but later resumed limited engagement. Humanitarian assistance, including food and medical supplies, continued to flow to Afghanistan despite political uncertainties.

Why India Continues Engagement with Afghanistan

Experts argue that India’s pragmatic approach stems from regional security considerations and strategic interests. Maintaining relations with Afghanistan helps New Delhi counterbalance influence from rival powers in South Asia.

The deteriorating relationship between Pakistan and Afghanistan has also shaped India’s strategy. Analysts suggest that Kabul’s strained ties with Islamabad created space for diplomatic and humanitarian cooperation with New Delhi.

India seeks stability in Afghanistan to prevent the region from becoming a source of extremism or geopolitical tension. Engagement does not imply endorsement of internal policies but reflects long-term strategic calculations.

Regional Security and Geopolitical Implications

Pakistan’s concerns centre on cross-border militancy and allegations that Afghanistan provides safe havens for hostile groups. The Taliban denies such claims, arguing that it is committed to regional peace.

India, meanwhile, stresses the importance of dialogue and humanitarian support. Officials highlight that cooperation benefits Afghan civilians and contributes to stability.

The broader geopolitical landscape involves competing interests among South Asian nations and external powers. Experts believe that constructive engagement remains essential for resolving security challenges.

Conclusion

The debate over influence in Afghanistan reflects deeper strategic rivalries between India and Pakistan. While Pakistan alleges Indian involvement in Afghan affairs, India emphasises humanitarian assistance and long-standing diplomatic ties.

Regional stability depends on dialogue and cooperative solutions rather than accusations. Afghanistan’s future will likely continue to shape South Asian geopolitics as nations navigate complex security and economic interests.